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''Dianthus barbatus'' (Sweet William) 〔(Thompson and Morgan plant catalog spelling - Sweet William )〕 is a species of ''Dianthus'' native to southern Europe and parts of Asia which has become a popular ornamental garden plant. It is a herbaceous biennial or short-lived perennial plant growing to 30–75 cm tall, with flowers in a dense cluster of up to 30 at the top of the stems. Each flower is 2–3 cm diameter with five petals displaying serrated edges. Wild plants produce red flowers with a white base, but colours in cultivars range from white, pink, red, and purple to variegated patterns. The exact origin of its English common name is unknown but first appears in 1596 in botanist John Gerard's garden catalogue. The flowers are edible and may have medicinal properties. Sweet William attracts bees, birds, and butterflies. == Description == Sweet William is a herbaceous biennial or short-lived perennial plant native to the mountains of southern Europe from the Pyrenees east to the Carpathians and the Balkans, with a variety disjunct in northeastern China, Korea, and southeasternmost Russia.〔Flora Europaea: (''Dianthus barbatus'' )〕〔Med-Checklist: (''Dianthus barbatus'' )〕〔Flora of China: (''Dianthus barbatus'' var. ''asiaticus'' )〕 It grows to 30–75 cm tall, with green to glaucous blue-green tapered leaves 4–10 cm long and 1–2 cm broad. The flowers are produced in a dense cluster of up to 30 at the top of the stems and have a spicy, clove-like scent; each flower is 2–3 cm diameter with five petals with serrated edges; in wild plants the petals are red with a white base.〔〔Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). ''Flora of Britain and Northern Europe''. ISBN 0-340-40170-2〕〔Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.〕 There are two varieties:〔 *''Dianthus barbatus'' var. ''barbatus''. Southern Europe. Leaves broader, up to 2 cm broad. *''Dianthus barbatus'' var. ''asiaticus'' Nakai. Northeastern Asia. Leaves slenderer, not over 1 cm broad. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dianthus barbatus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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